Understanding Lift Truck Categorisation – Capacity Derating
Have you ever wondered what ABA category should be applied to a lift truck used for training when it has been de-rated due to the use of an attachment?
When it comes to lift trucks, one of the most critical aspects to understand is the concept of rated capacity.
The rated capacity is the maximum load that a lift truck is designed to handle safely, as specified by the manufacturer. This figure is determined during the design and testing phases of production and represents the machine’s ability to perform under ideal conditions.
However, it is not uncommon for attachments to be added to lift trucks to enhance their functionality. These attachments can range from side shift, clamps to rotating forks, all of which are essential for specialised operations. While these tools bring versatility, they can also impact the effective capacity of the machine. This blog will explore the importance of maintaining the manufacturer’s classification for lift trucks categorisation, even when their capacity is derated.
A Lift Truck’s Classification is Immutable
Lift trucks are designed and classified by manufacturers based on their structural and mechanical capabilities. For instance, a lift truck rated for a 7,000 kg capacity is engineered to handle the forces, stresses, and loads associated with that capacity.
When an attachment is added, it often reduces the lift truck’s effective load capacity due to:
- The weight of the attachment.
- Shifts in the load centre caused by the attachment’s position.
For example, a 7,000 kg lift truck with a heavy attachment might be derated to handle a maximum load of 4,500 kg. However, this reduction in capacity doesn’t change the fact that it is still fundamentally a 7,000 kg machine. The classification and engineering integrity of the truck remain as intended by the manufacturer.
Why is this distinction important?
- Compliance with Safety Standards: The rated capacity serves as a benchmark for adhering to safety regulations. Operators and supervisors must be aware of the potential impacts of attachments to ensure safe operation within the effective capacity.
- Clarity in Documentation: Manufacturers’ ratings provide a universal standard. Regardless of any modifications, referencing the original rated capacity ensures consistency across communication, training, and compliance.
- Preventing Misuse: Operators might assume the machine can handle loads up to its original rated capacity without considering the impact of attachments. This misunderstanding can lead to overloading and potential accidents.
The ABA have consulted with both the HSE and the UKMHA to seek advice and ensure alignment, with both organisations endorsing the fundamental principles outlined in this blog.
Conclusion
A lift truck’s categorisation by the manufacturer is fundamental and unaffected by capacity derating. Whether operating at its original capacity or with a reduced limit due to an attachment, the machine remains engineered to handle the same forces and stresses.
In conclusion, the manufacturer’s defined rated capacity of a lift truck serves as the baseline measurement, regardless of any practical adjustments due to attachments. To ensure clear and consistent communication, the ABA category assigned to the machine used for training will correspond to the manufacturer’s specified rated capacity at design.
